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STEP 11
KNOWN BLOOD SAMPLES |
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Known Blood Samples |
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The collection of known blood samples was changed from
collecting two blood tubes to using FTA Blood Collection
Paper. Once collected on the FTA Blood Collection Paper,
this sample will be used as a known standard for DNA
testing. |
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The purpose of collecting a known blood sample is for DNA
typing/profiling. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid is the
fundamental building block of an individual’s entire
genetic makeup. It is a component of virtually every cell
in the human body. In most sexual assault cases, semen or
other body fluids might be found on the victim’s clothing,
on the vaginal swabs from the victim, or on the victim’s
body. The victim’s profile will be compared with the
profile(s) obtained from the evidence submitted. |
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DNA has replaced serological procedures. Due to DNA
technology, a yellow top blood tube is no longer needed.
It is recommended that four drops of blood be collected on
an FTA Blood Collection Paper. This can be found in one of
the “newer” Kits. If using an “older” Kit, a purple top
tube is recommended for DNA profiling. If this tube is
expired, substitute with a purple top tube from available
hospital supplies. |
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Known Blood Collection Procedure |
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Using the sterile, fixed depth lancet provided, prick the
victim’s finger. While holding the victim’s finger over
one of the four circles printed on the FTA Blood
Collection Paper, milk the victim’s finger allowing two
drops of blood to fall on the paper, within the circle. |
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DNA Testing |
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DNA testing should be available at the North Dakota
Department of Health Crime Laboratory Division beginning
in the autumn of 2001. The combined DNA Index System
(CODIS) was installed in December of 2000. CODIS is an
electronic database of DNA profiles that can identify
suspects. Every state in the United States is in the
process of implementing a DNA index of certain crimes,
such as rape, murder and child abuse. Upon conviction and
sample analysis, a perpetrator’s DNA profile will be
entered into the database. DNA evidence found at the crime
scene can be run through CODIS in search of a suspect of
link to another crime scene. This will enable law
enforcement officers to identify possible suspects. |
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Toxicology Blood/Urine Screen |
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Blood/urine screens for the purpose of determining
toxicology should only be done in the following situations
in cases of sexual assault: |
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If the victim
or accompanying person (such as a family member, friend or
police officer), states that the victim may have been
drugged by the assailant(s); and/or |
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If, in the
opinion of the attending medical personnel, the victim’s
medical condition appears to warrant toxicology screening
for optimal victim care. |
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If available, use a State
Toxicology Kit from the Crime Laboratory Divison of the
North Dakota Department of Health. |
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Great care should be exercised
to ensure that toxicology screens do not become routine
for victims of sexual assault. It is important to obtain
informed consent from the victim or the victim’s guardian. |
